Which method of pest management focuses on the use of natural predators or pathogens?

The method of pest management that focuses on the use of natural predators or pathogens is biological pest management. This approach harnesses the natural ecological relationships between organisms to control pest populations. By introducing or promoting beneficial organisms, such as predators, parasites, or pathogens that can target pest species, this method reduces reliance on synthetic chemicals. This not only helps in lowering pesticide resistance but also contributes to maintaining the overall health of the ecosystem.

In contrast, cultural pest management involves practices that modify the environment to reduce pest establishment, such as crop rotation or planting resistant varieties, while chemical pest management relies on the use of pesticides to eliminate pests. Mechanical pest management employs physical barriers or tools to manage pests, like traps or barriers. Each method has its strengths and applications, but biological pest management uniquely utilizes the natural enemies of pests to achieve pest control sustainably.